{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-10539", "assignerOrgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "SEC-VLab", "dateReserved": "2025-09-16T07:39:47.680Z", "datePublished": "2026-04-28T07:52:23.279Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T14:10:50.831Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf", "shortName": "SEC-VLab", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T07:52:23.279Z"}, "title": "Improper TLS Certificate Validation RCE via Malicious Update in DeskTime Time Tracking App", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "cweId": "CWE-295", "description": "CWE-295 Improper certificate validation", "type": "CWE"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "cweId": "CWE-296", "description": "CWE-296 Improper following of a certificate's chain of trust", "type": "CWE"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "cweId": "CWE-494", "description": "CWE-494 Download of code without integrity check", "type": "CWE"}]}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-187", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-187 Malicious Automated Software Update via Redirection"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "DeskTime", "product": "DeskTime Time Tracking App", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "1.3.674", "versionType": "semver"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Due to improper TLS certificate validation in the DeskTime Time Tracking App before version 1.3.674, attackers who can position themselves in the network path between the client and the DeskTime update servers can return a malicious executable in response to an update request. This allows the attacker to achieve user-level remote code execution on the affected client.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "base64": false, "value": "<p><span>Due to improper TLS certificate validation in the DeskTime Time Tracking App before version 1.3.674, attackers who can position themselves in the network path between the client and the DeskTime update servers can return a malicious executable in response to an update request. This allows the attacker to achieve user-level remote code execution on the affected client.</span></p>"}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/desktime", "tags": ["third-party-advisory"]}, {"url": "https://desktime.com/download", "tags": ["patch"]}], "solutions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The vendor provides a patched version v1.3.674 which can be obtained from: https://desktime.com/download", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "base64": false, "value": "The vendor provides a patched version v1.3.674 which can be obtained from: https://desktime.com/download<br><br>"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Daniel Hirschberger, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab", "type": "finder"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "Thorger Jansen, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab", "type": "finder"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "Tobias Niemann, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab", "type": "finder"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "Marius Renner, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab", "type": "finder"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"}}, "adp": [{"references": [{"url": "https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/advisory/missing-tls-certificate-validation-leading-to-rce-in-desktime-time-tracking-app/", "tags": ["exploit"]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 4.8, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-04-28T14:09:20.701327Z", "id": "CVE-2025-10539", "options": [{"Exploitation": "poc"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T14:10:50.831Z"}}]}}

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{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Due to improper TLS certificate validation in the DeskTime Time Tracking App before version 1.3.674, attackers who can position themselves in the network path between the client and the DeskTime update servers can return a malicious executable in response to an update request. This allows the attacker to achieve user-level remote code execution on the affected client."}], "id": "CVE-2025-10539", "lastModified": "2026-04-28T20:23:20.703", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 4.8, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.2, "impactScore": 2.5, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-04-28T09:16:16.187", "references": [{"source": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf", "url": "https://desktime.com/download"}, {"source": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf", "url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/desktime"}, {"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "url": "https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/advisory/missing-tls-certificate-validation-leading-to-rce-in-desktime-time-tracking-app/"}], "sourceIdentifier": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf", "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-295"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-296"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-494"}], "source": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-28T19:26:36.088810+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the vendor\u2011supplied patch to version v1.3.674 or later from the DeskTime download page.", "Configure network or endpoint software to enforce TLS certificate validation for update traffic, for example by enabling certificate pinning or using a trusted proxy that verifies certificates.", "If immediate patching is not possible, block or monitor traffic to the DeskTime update servers to prevent a man\u2011in\u2011the\u2011middle from injecting malicious executables."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Remote Code Execution"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "All installations of DeskTime Time Tracking App running any version earlier than v1.3.674 are affected. The vendor\u2019s official fix is the patched release v1.3.674, available from the DeskTime download page.", "description_and_impact": "DeskTime Time Tracking App processes update requests from its servers but fails to properly validate TLS certificates. When an attacker can insert themselves in the network path between a client and the update server, they can supply a malicious executable in the update response. The client then accepts and runs the file, giving the attacker code execution on the endpoint at the user\u2019s level. This weakness is associated with certificate validation and code signing failures (CWE-295, CWE-296, CWE-494).", "risk_and_exploitability": "With a CVSS score of 4.8, the vulnerability is considered moderate severity. The EPSS score of less than 1\u202f% indicates a low probability of exploitation, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, suggesting no known active exploits. Nonetheless, attackers with a position in the network path could exploit this flaw. Remediation requires applying the vendor patch, enforcing strict TLS certificate validation for update traffic, or blocking outgoing connections to the update servers if patching cannot yet occur."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-28T19:30:27.386779+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-28T19:30:27.386792+00:00", "vendors": []}